{"id":5255,"date":"2018-02-02T14:39:00","date_gmt":"2018-02-02T13:39:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/broz.sk\/netopiere\/"},"modified":"2018-10-16T11:08:30","modified_gmt":"2018-10-16T09:08:30","slug":"netopiere","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/broz.sk\/en\/netopiere\/","title":{"rendered":"Bats"},"content":{"rendered":"
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]\"\"\r\n\r\n \r\n

Netopiere u\u017e odd\u00e1vna vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa ako \u00fakryty r\u00f4zne objekty a\u00a0budovy postaven\u00e9 \u010dlovekom. Napr\u00edklad podkrovia kostolov a\u00a0in\u00fdch star\u00fdch stavieb netopiere s\u00a0ob\u013eubou vyh\u013ead\u00e1vaj\u00fa najm\u00e4 v\u00a0\u010dase rodenia a\u00a0starostlivosti o\u00a0ml\u00e1\u010fat\u00e1 (letn\u00e9 obdobie), preto\u017ee tam maj\u00fa pokoj, vhodn\u00fa teplotu a\u00a0s\u00fa chr\u00e1nen\u00e9 pred pred\u00e1tormi. Tieto priestory s\u00fa vhodn\u00e9 aj na rozmno\u017eovanie druhov n\u00e1ro\u010dnej\u0161\u00edch na teplo, ktor\u00e9 sa v\u00a0ju\u017enej Eur\u00f3pe vyskytuj\u00fa najm\u00e4 v\u00a0jaskyniach.<\/p>\r\nIntenz\u00edvna v\u00fdstavba s\u00eddlisk s\u00a0panel\u00e1kmi, ktor\u00e1 u\u00a0n\u00e1s prebiehala najm\u00e4 v\u00a060-tych a\u017e 80-tych rokoch minul\u00e9ho storo\u010dia, priniesla okrem in\u00e9ho aj nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti \u00fakrytov pre netopiere. Panelov\u00e9 domy svojou kon\u0161trukciou poskytuj\u00fa mno\u017estvo vhodn\u00fdch \u00fakrytov pre netopiere \u2013 s\u00fa to predov\u0161etk\u00fdm \u0161trbiny medzi panelmi a\u00a0vetracie otvory v\u00a0podstre\u0161n\u00fdch priestoroch (atik\u00e1ch). Svoj\u00edm charakterom pripom\u00ednaj\u00fa netopierom ich prirodzen\u00e9 \u00fakryty (skaln\u00e9 \u0161trbiny a\u00a0stromov\u00e9 dutiny) a\u00a0tie\u017e im poskytuj\u00fa priazniv\u00e9 mikroklimatick\u00e9 podmienky a\u00a0ochranu pred pred\u00e1tormi. Najm\u00e4 raniak hrdzav\u00fd, ktor\u00fd p\u00f4vodne vyu\u017e\u00edval hlavne dutiny star\u00fdch stromov, sa dnes v\u00fdrazne \u0161pecializuje na panel\u00e1kov\u00e9 s\u00eddlisk\u00e1. Ve\u013ek\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 jeho popul\u00e1cie na Slovensku je v\u00a0s\u00fa\u010dasnosti viazan\u00e1 pr\u00e1ve na panelov\u00e9 domy. V\u00fdrazn\u00fd podiel na tom m\u00e1 aj \u010dinnos\u0165 \u010dloveka, ktor\u00fd dlhodobo odstra\u0148uje z\u00a0lesov star\u00e9 dut\u00e9 stromy, ktor\u00e9 poskytovali \u00fakryt nielen netopierom ale aj r\u00f4znym druhom vt\u00e1kov (napr. aj d\u00e1\u017e\u010fovn\u00edkom).\r\n

Druhy,\u00a0ktor\u00e9 naj\u010dastej\u0161ie vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa panel\u00e1ky<\/h3>\r\nRaniak hrdzav\u00fd (Nyctalus noctula<\/em>)<\/strong>\r\n\r\nVypo\u010dujte si zvuky raniaka hrdzav\u00e9ho.\u00a0<\/a>\r\n

\"\"\u00a0Je naj\u010dastej\u0161ie sa vyskytuj\u00facim druhom netopiera v\u00a0panelov\u00fdch domoch. Je to v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed netopier, s\u00a0d\u013a\u017ekou tela 6-8 cm a\u00a0s\u00a0rozp\u00e4t\u00edm kr\u00eddiel a\u017e 35 cm. Srs\u0165 m\u00e1 hrdzavohned\u00fa, lietacie blany tmavohned\u00e9. Je ve\u013emi n\u00e1padn\u00fd svoj\u00edm hlasn\u00fdm cvrlikan\u00edm, ktor\u00e9 po\u010du\u0165 z\u00a0jeho \u00fakrytov. Vyletuje e\u0161te za \u0161era, tesne po z\u00e1pade slnka. Lieta ve\u013emi r\u00fdchlo a\u00a0vysoko vo vo\u013enom priestore. Na jese\u0148, ke\u010f sa nave\u010der r\u00fdchlo ochladzuje a\u00a0prest\u00e1va lieta\u0165 hmyz, daj\u00fa sa raniaky pozorova\u0165 pri love u\u017e aj popoludn\u00ed. Ako \u00fakryty vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa hlavne vetracie otvory v\u00a0atik\u00e1ch a\u00a0\u0161trbiny medzi panelmi na miestach, kde nie je izola\u010dn\u00fd materi\u00e1l. Tieto \u00fakryty v\u00a0panel\u00e1koch vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa hlavne na jese\u0148 a v\u00a0zime, nezriedka sa tam v\u0161ak vyskytuj\u00fa po cel\u00fd rok. Niekedy vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa kol\u00f3nie tvoren\u00e9 a\u017e nieko\u013eko sto jedincami.<\/p>\r\n

Ve\u010dernica mal\u00e1 (Pipistrellus pipistrellus<\/em>)<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

Vypo\u010dujte si lokaliza\u010dn\u00e9 a soci\u00e1lne zvuky ve\u010dernice malej.<\/a><\/p>\r\n\"\"Je druh\u00fdm naj\u010dastej\u0161ie sa vyskytuj\u00facim druhom netopiera na s\u00eddlisk\u00e1ch v\u00a0mest\u00e1ch. Patr\u00ed k\u00a0najmen\u0161\u00edm druhom na\u0161ich netopierov, s\u00a0d\u013a\u017ekou tela len 3,5-5 cm a\u00a0s\u00a0rozp\u00e4t\u00edm kr\u00eddel okolo 20 cm. Celkovo m\u00e1 hned\u00e9 a\u017e sivohned\u00e9 sfarbenie. Je obratn\u00fdm lovcom. Na s\u00eddlisk\u00e1ch sa daj\u00fa po\u010das tepl\u00fdch letn\u00fdch ve\u010derov vidie\u0165 skupinky troch a\u017e piatich ve\u010dern\u00edc mal\u00fdch ako lietaj\u00fa okolo pouli\u010dnej lampy, kor\u00fan stromov alebo nad vyhriatym asfaltom a\u00a0lovia drobn\u00fd hmyz. Na rodenie ml\u00e1\u010fat vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa sami\u010dky \u00fakryty v\u00a0\u0161trbin\u00e1ch medzi panelmi alebo aj dutiny pod plechom pokr\u00fdvaj\u00facim fas\u00e1du a\u00a0strechu budovy. Na jese\u0148 pri presune na zimovisk\u00e1 sa st\u00e1va, \u017ee skupiny ve\u010dern\u00edc mal\u00fdch vletia cez otvoren\u00e9 okn\u00e1 do bytov. D\u00f4vodom je najm\u00e4 nesk\u00fasenos\u0165 mlad\u00fdch jedincov, ktor\u00e9 si tak\u00fdto byt poplietli so zimoviskom.\r\n

Netopiere nie s\u00fa pre \u010dloveka nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9<\/h3>\r\nNetopiere, tak ako aj in\u00e9 \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchy, maj\u00fa tie\u017e svoje parazity, ktor\u00e9 v\u0161ak neprech\u00e1dzaj\u00fa na \u010dloveka. Podobne ako in\u00e9\u00a0divo\u017eij\u00face zvierat\u00e1 aj netopiere m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 pren\u00e1\u0161a\u010dmi besnoty a\u00a0in\u00fdch ochoren\u00ed. Netopiere v\u0161ak \u013eud\u00ed nenap\u00e1daj\u00fa a\u00a0k\u00a0uhryznutiu \u010dloveka doch\u00e1dza len vo ve\u013emi v\u00fdnimo\u010dn\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch, kedy sa netopier c\u00edti ohrozen\u00fd a\u00a0sna\u017e\u00ed sa br\u00e1ni\u0165. Ak sa vyhneme neodbornej manipul\u00e1cii s\u00a0netopiermi, mo\u017enos\u0165 prenosu n\u00e1kazy na \u010dloveka je prakticky vyl\u00fa\u010den\u00e1.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]   Netopiere u\u017e odd\u00e1vna vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa ako \u00fakryty r\u00f4zne objekty a\u00a0budovy postaven\u00e9 \u010dlovekom. Napr\u00edklad podkrovia kostolov a\u00a0in\u00fdch star\u00fdch stavieb netopiere s\u00a0ob\u013eubou vyh\u013ead\u00e1vaj\u00fa najm\u00e4 v\u00a0\u010dase rodenia a\u00a0starostlivosti o\u00a0ml\u00e1\u010fat\u00e1 (letn\u00e9 obdobie), preto\u017ee tam maj\u00fa pokoj, vhodn\u00fa teplotu a\u00a0s\u00fa chr\u00e1nen\u00e9 pred pred\u00e1tormi. Tieto priestory s\u00fa vhodn\u00e9 aj na rozmno\u017eovanie druhov n\u00e1ro\u010dnej\u0161\u00edch na teplo, ktor\u00e9 sa v\u00a0ju\u017enej Eur\u00f3pe vyskytuj\u00fa…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":23611,"parent":0,"menu_order":81,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"pmpro_default_level":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5255","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","pmpro-has-access","description-off"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nBats - BROZ<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"  Netopiere u\u017e odd\u00e1vna vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa ako \u00fakryty r\u00f4zne objekty a\u00a0budovy postaven\u00e9 \u010dlovekom. 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